Stigmatized targets and evaluation: prejudice as a determinant of attribute scrutiny and polarization.

Social Norms Regarding Protected Status and Threat Reactions to the Stigmatized

This research examines whether social norms regarding a stigma’s protection from prejudice differentially affect explicit and implicit threat reactions to the stigmatized, and the degree to which such differences can be accounted for by socially desirable responding, internalized egalitarian values, and dual attitudes about stigmatized individuals. Participants (N = 78) completed a traditional ...

A Peek Inside the Targets’ Toolbox: How Stigmatized Targets Deflect Discrimination by Invoking a Common Identity

In an effort to identify effective strategies for reducing prejudice, this research tested whether stigmatized individuals can evoke a common identity to deflect discrimination. In an initial survey, gay/lesbian/bisexual participants reported a preference for evoking common identity in intergroup interactions. In two experiments, straight male perceivers in a managerial role-playing paradigm we...

Thanks for asking: Self-affirming questions reduce backlash when stigmatized targets confront prejudice

FEMINIST FORUM How Women of Color Detect and Respond to Multiple Forms of Prejudice

The processes by which women of color andWhite women living in the United States detect and respond to prejudice may differ because women of color experience racism, sexism and intersectional bias. This review builds on past research by articulating how existing process models of stigmatization, when applied to the stigmatization of women of color, leave important research questions unanswered....

When do the stigmatized stigmatize? The ironic effects of being accountable to (perceived) majority group prejudice-expression norms.

How do frequently stigmatized individuals feel about and respond to members of other potentially stigmatizable groups? Four studies demonstrated that perceptions of majority group norms regarding prejudice expression can shape how minority individuals respond to minority individuals from other groups. Study 1 revealed that Black and White men and women have somewhat different perceptions of Whi...